The concepts of the employee and the business owner emerged with the Industrial Revolution<\/strong> in the nineteenth century and became established during the Second Industrial Revolution, forming the basis of the labor market and the economy as we have known them until now.<\/p>\n But the Digital Revolution, together with the Fourth Industrial Revolution,<\/strong> is profoundly transforming every sector of the economy, as well as most social and economic models.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n We are truly undergoing a change of era. We do not know how it will affect the world, but I have no doubt that the change will be rapid and profound, mainly because of four key factors:<\/p>\n 1. For the first time in economic history, technology has digitalized<\/strong>, through social networks, communication between people,<\/strong> and its impact has reached the entire globe. Africa and Asia are also connected to the Internet. Although we do not know what this new era will look like, I like the concept of the \u201cAge of Networked Intelligence<\/em><\/strong>.\u201d<\/p>\n 2. A range of new technologies<\/strong> is emerging and changing the rules across most economic sectors: Big Data<\/strong>, Virtual Reality<\/strong>, Artificial Intelligence<\/strong>, 3D Printing<\/strong>, the Internet of Things<\/strong>, Robotics<\/strong>, Nanotechnology<\/strong> and Blockchain<\/strong>, among others, are transforming business models<\/strong> and offering limitless opportunities to create new companies at exponential speed<\/strong> and with disruptive<\/strong> potential.<\/p>\n The challenge we now face is how to distribute income in a world that will probably have less employment.<\/a><\/span>CLICK TO TWEET<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n The timing and scale of these structural changes<\/strong> in the economy<\/strong> are extremely difficult to predict. However, the speed at which developed economies are adopting robotics technologies<\/strong> is affecting the policies that many countries are pursuing to reduce income inequality, such as increases in <\/strong>minimum wage rates<\/strong><\/a> and incentives for research, development and innovation.<\/p>\n 3. The new technology-based leaders<\/strong> are global<\/strong>, enormous<\/strong> and virtually unique<\/strong> within their sectors. Amazon, Alphabet (Google), Facebook, Uber and Airbnb\u2014most of them American\u2014are transforming<\/strong> businesses, employment and income-distribution models, while reducing the tax revenue contributed to the countries in which they operate.<\/p>\n The challenge is to establish how taxes should be paid in order to maintain the welfare state<\/strong> in European countries while twentieth-century companies undertake their Digital Transformation<\/a><\/strong> and employment itself changes. This transformation comes not only from the emergence of new roles such as Digital Professions<\/strong><\/a>, but also from the need for new skills such as complex problem-solving, critical thinking and creativity.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n 4. Without question, the greatest impact will come from the Robotics Revolution: The Automation Economy<\/strong><\/a> across every field, particularly in the transformation of employment<\/strong>.<\/p>\n We are moving toward an era with<\/strong> less employment<\/strong>, and that employment will bear little resemblance to our current idea of a job. Digitalization will not simply replace some jobs with others; instead, most employment will become \u201cuberized\u201d\u2014flexible and precarious\u2014as explained by Gregorio Mart\u00edn, Professor of Computer Science and Director of the UPV Institute of Robotics.<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n![\"cuarta_revolucion_industrial\"](\"http:\/\/www.mujeresconsejeras.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/cuarta_revolucion_industrial-1.png\")
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